Democracy Versus Totalitarianism in George Orwells 1984 Essays

Measure for Measure by William Shakespeare Essay -- Papers

Measure for Measure by William Shakespeare The initial scenes of the play are known as the EXPOSITION, where the screenwriter presents the most huge characters and subjects, so that they can be created and set up the plot. Depict the methods by which Shakespeare had done this in the primary demonstration, and judge how effective (or not) he has been. The initial scenes of Measure for Measure, present the most critical characters in the play and furthermore will in general set up the connections between every one of them. The plot and the key subjects are presented giving the peruser a thought of what will unfurl in the following acts. Shakespeare has utilized the initial scene of the play to present one of the key characters. In this first scene, set in Vienna, the Duke reports to his counsel, Escalus, that he is to leave the nation for reasons, which are un-revealed to anybody. He chooses to leave Angelo, a confided in companion, remaining in his place. This would in actuality give Angelo total force over the country, giving him the choice to direct who might live beyond words. In our evacuate be thou at full ourself; Mortality and benevolence in Vienna ============================== Duke Vincento Act I Sc I Angelo is exceptionally regarded and held in high respect by both the Duke what's more, Escalus, this is apparent by the way the two both discuss him, to one another and to Angelo, himself: In the event that any in Vienna be of worth To experience such sufficient effortlessness and respect, It is Lord Angelo Escalus Act I Sc I Angelo has all the earmarks of being a veritable individual, there have all the earmarks of being no covered up sides to him, What You See Is What You Get. Angelo show up... ... Generally speaking, I do feel that Shakespeare has been effective in making great initial introductions and presentations of the more huge characters, Angelo, Lucio and Isabella. All however Isabella isn't in this initial demonstration much, her character ids set up for those later demonstrations, where she will play a greater, progressively critical part. Shakespeare's presentation of the subjects is likewise progressed admirably. The first seems, by all accounts, to be the presentation of intensity, where the Duke leaves and Angelo is named as the substitute. The subject of debasement is additionally brought across well, utilizing the comic characters, the whore, Mistress Overdone and the pimp, Pompey. As an initial demonstration to a play, I feel that all the characters and the primary subjects are presented well, which helps the peruser to comprehend the play since they are presented from the starting.

Comorbidities and Borderline Personality Disorder

Comorbidities and Borderline Personality Disorder BPD Related Conditions Print Comorbidities and Borderline Personality Disorder By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Updated on February 21, 2020 Beau Lark / Corbis / VCG / Getty Images More in BPD Related Conditions Diagnosis Treatment Living With BPD If you have borderline personality disorder (BPD), you may find that standard treatment plans are difficult to find. Treatment plans for many people with BPD will be individualized because few of these individuals have only one illness. Most people affected by BPD have other disorders, known as comorbidities.  Research has shown that physical and psychiatric comorbidities are more common in individuals with borderline personality disorder.?? What Is a Comorbidity? A comorbidity refers to the existence of two or more diseases or conditions in the same individual at the same time. Some of the most common comorbidities that occur alongside BPD are depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder.?? A person who has both BPD and depression would be referred to as having comorbid depression and BPD.   While by definition comorbid disorders must exist at the same time, it may be the case that one of the conditions or disorders may have started before the other. For example, someone may develop PTSD in childhood, then later develop BPD as an adolescent. Or, both conditions may develop at the same time, but one may end while the other continues or worsens. For as long as the symptoms of both disorders overlap in time, they are considered to be comorbid. Why Comorbidities Can Be Problematic Comorbidities can lead to problems, particularly if you have BPD. The other illnesses, like depression or anxiety, are more easily recognized and are more regularly treated. Many people are not appropriately diagnosed with BPD because the other illnesses hide the BPD symptoms. This means that the personality disorder symptoms go untreated and unchecked. While depression and anxiety may be treated with medication, there are no medications currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat BPD. There are, however, several different medications that are often used off-label (without FDA approval) to treat BPD symptoms. If BPD is not recognized, your disorder can go undiagnosed and untreated for months or even years, making you feel even worse and putting your health at risk. Treatments Regardless of the comorbidities that exist, BPD needs to be addressed as a distinct and unique disorder. While other illnesses can be treated and managed with medications, BPD usually requires a more intensive approach. Many forms of psychotherapy have shown significant positive results in clinical studies, especially dialectical behavior therapy.?? Therapy is an essential part of managing BPD. Look for a therapist who understands comorbidities and who specializes in BPD to develop an effective treatment plan for you. In some cases of comorbidities, you may need multiple physicians and therapists to handle every aspect of BPD and the other disorders. In this case, its important that all of your healthcare providers know whats going on with other aspects of your treatments. If there are any changes to your therapy plan or medication regimen, make sure everyone on your medical team is aware. Clear communication between all your health care providers can prevent misunderstandings or mix-ups that could interrupt your recovery. Keeping communication open between parties will ensure your therapy moves forward appropriately. While comorbidities can make BPD more difficult to diagnose and manage, understanding the other disorders and how they impact BPD is essential to developing an effective treatment plan. If you are unsure if you have other disorders or think you are at risk of developing a comorbidity, talk with your doctor or therapist to be evaluated.

The American Dream - 866 Words

People cannot achieve the American Dream as a result of obstacles relating to race, gender, and socioeconomic status; this can be rectified by instituting equal housing and service programs nationwide. The racial blockades on the path to reaching the American Dream are apparent throughout the stories of many. The lives of these people are wrought with racism and discrimination, for no reason other than the color of their skin. A plethora of women are also held back and prevented from attaining their goals, as a result of their gender. In each of their unique stories, they are unnecessarily defined by their gender, and averting those women from their objective of the American Dream. Accompanying race and gender, socioeconomic status serves†¦show more content†¦Another example of this racial discrimination is the Younger family, who were denied housing in a predominantly white Chicago neighborhood in the 1950s. This denial of a place to purchase and live was a direct result of the Younger family being Black. The Youngers were uselessly discriminated against, but unfortunately lacked the opportunities to improve their situation, and the education to do so as well. Many of the Youngers were not educated, and the few who were, were either still in school, or did not earning a profitable salary working. (Hansberry, Act I) This is also a result of discrimination, and because the Youngers are Black, they are not afforded the same opportunities as white people. Racial discrimination directly prevented the Youngers from achieving their American Dream. Similar to the Younger family, Phillis Wheatley was discriminated against. Phillis Wheatley was doubted by many as a poet because she was a slave. Her skin color blinded people to her talent. She was one of very few slaves to be educated, and gain literacy skills. This proves that Phillis Wheatley already had a considerable, if not conclusive, disadvantage at becoming a successful poet in America. 1761 was a time of great racial discrimination, and Phillis Wheatley was prevented from achieving her American dream of becoming a poet because of it. In an article about her, it was written that, â€Å"It was with the odds stacked against her that PhillisShow MoreRelatedImmigrants And The American Dream1362 Words   |  6 PagesImmigrants and the American Dream In the article â€Å"The American Dream†, by James Truslow Adams in The Sundance Reader book, he stated that the American dream is that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. It is a difficult dream for the European upper classes to interpret adequately, and too many of us ourselves have grown weary and mistrustful of it. It is not a dream of motor cars and highRead MoreThe American Dream By Kimberly Amadeo1637 Words   |  7 PagesNowadays, a large number of people migrate to the United States to work and achieve the American Dream. According to the Article â€Å"What is the American Dream?† by Kimberly Amadeo, â€Å"The American Dream was first publicly defined in 1931 by James Truslow Adams in Epic of America. Adam’s often-repeated quote is, ‘The American Dream is that dream of land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyon e, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement.’† There are many peopleRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The American Dream 754 Words   |  4 Pages Nyreel Powell Ms. Jones American Literature 1 June 2015 The American dream in A Raisin in the Sun Have you ever had a dream and it didn’t come how you wanted it to be? Have you ever had accomplishments that you wanted to achieve but people were getting in the way of them? The four main characters in this book all have good dreams but there are people in the way of getting to those dreams or their dream is too high to accomplish. A Raisin in the Sun a play written by Lorraine Hansberry, andRead MoreSister Carrie and the American Dream1618 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Dream is surely based on the concept of â€Å"Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness† but it is above all, a matter of ambition. James Truslow Adams, an American writer and historian, in 1931 states: life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement†, which not only points towards a better standard of living for Americans but also denounces a degree of greed in the US society. Ambition not only â€Å"killed the catâ₠¬  butRead MoreGrapes Of Wrath And The American Dream1644 Words   |  7 PagesThe idea of the American Dream is ever changing depending on the person and the time of life that person is in. Although the main ideas of the American Dream remain the same to be educated, economically sound, healthy, to have a family, and equal rights. Many great films and works of literature were created to show case all the different ideas people have for their American Dream. The film â€Å"Grapes of Wrath† directed by John Ford and the poem â€Å"I Will Fight No More Forever† by Chief Joseph, both depictRead More Destruction of the American Dream Essay2145 Words   |  9 PagesDestruction of the American Dream I’ve talked about it in the past, the destruction of the American Dream. Always, there have been papers, writings, and thoughts that quantify a particular section of its ultimate demise, be it due to money, education, or sexuality. Maybe the destruction cannot be viewed as a singular event or cause. Perhaps instead it must be examined as a whole process, the decay and ultimate elimination of a dream. Self destruction, if you will†¦ Mr. Self Destruct Read MoreSuccess As One Of The American Dream1137 Words   |  5 PagesApril 2015 Success as One of The American Dream When we hear the word â€Å"success†, we often think of wealth and money. To some people, the embodiment of being success is earning a lot of money. In fact, the concept of success is primarily based on how much money a person earns. However, each person views the definition of success differently. One way to define success is something that has more to do with flash than it does with substance. John Wooden, an American basketball player and coach viewRead MoreJim Cullen And The American Dream2081 Words   |  9 Pages The American Dream, as defined by Cullen, is starting your goal off with a little and ending with more; it s like a business, you invest in it in order to gain more money. Usually, people will define the American Dream as being able to achieve your goal because everyone is offered opportunities. Cullen does acknowledge that people are born with different opportunities, so he talks about the good life. The good life describes different factors that determine your opportunities. Throughout the otherRead MoreFactors Influencing The American Dream1834 Words   |  8 Pagesindividual to succumb or to not succumb to the seductions of crime. These three factors are brilliantly portrayed in the television show, Breaking Bad and the novel, The Stick Up Kids. The American Dream is what many American citizens strive for. However, not all of those citizens are able to achieve the American Dream through a legal pathway. The reason an indivudal may not being able to do so is because of his or her background factors. It is important to note that background factors are a fractionRead MoreShark Tank And The American Dream1755 Words   |  8 PagesShark Tank and The American Dream The TV show Shark tank embodies everything the American dream represents. The show obtains successful Entrepreneurs ready to invest their own money into other Americans wanting to be just like them, reaching the American dream and become a successful entrepreneur. The show presents entrepreneurs working towards the goal of creating a business to not only gain wealth but also change the way we live today. The show is to keep the American dream alive and well while The American Dream - 866 Words The Struggles of Attaining The American Dream The American Dream is something not only citizens of the United States strive to attain, but an ideal that immigrants and citizens of other countries come to America in search for. Many people, including immigrants associate the American dream with success and good opportunities such as having a well-paying job, owning a home, doing better in life than parents, as well as upward social mobility. The American dream, being a national ethos of the United States, is supposed to represent equal opportunity for everyone, regardless of race, skin color, or social class, to achieve success and prosperity through hard work in a society with few barriers. All of this is rooted in the Declaration of†¦show more content†¦In the 1980s the distribution of income had 30 to 35% of national income going to the top 10% of earners. Since then, the percent of income going to the top 10% has increased to 50%, creating a huge disparity between high ea rners and low earners. Along with income inequality goes gross domestic product which is the total value of goods produced and services provided in a country during one year. Since the 1950s, the expansion of the gross domestic product has slowed. This means the economic pie is growing at a slower rate than it once did, so there’s less money to go around. Since the distribution of that growth is unequal, and more benefits are accruing to those at the top†¦ those at the bottom, on the other hand, are not able to achieve as big a share as they once did. With their wages not growing and income not being spread out equally, those at the bottom are stuck at the same level as, or below, their parents preventing them from achieving the American dream. The gender pay gap between men and women and the ethnic wage gap are types of income inequalities that do not portray equal opportunities for all people. The gender pay gap in the United States is the ratio of female-to-male media n yearly earnings among full-time, year-round workers. Although it may seem that citizens of the U.S. are paid equally, women are actually given unequal pay for equal work of men. Pay ratesShow MoreRelatedImmigrants And The American Dream1362 Words   |  6 PagesImmigrants and the American Dream In the article â€Å"The American Dream†, by James Truslow Adams in The Sundance Reader book, he stated that the American dream is that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. It is a difficult dream for the European upper classes to interpret adequately, and too many of us ourselves have grown weary and mistrustful of it. It is not a dream of motor cars and highRead MoreThe American Dream By Kimberly Amadeo1637 Words   |  7 PagesNowadays, a large number of people migrate to the United States to work and achieve the American Dream. According to the Article â€Å"What is the American Dream?† by Kimberly Amadeo, â€Å"The American Dream was first publicly defined in 1931 by James Truslow Adams in Epic of America. Adam’s often-repeated quote is, ‘The American Dream is that dream of land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyon e, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement.’† There are many peopleRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The American Dream 754 Words   |  4 Pages Nyreel Powell Ms. Jones American Literature 1 June 2015 The American dream in A Raisin in the Sun Have you ever had a dream and it didn’t come how you wanted it to be? Have you ever had accomplishments that you wanted to achieve but people were getting in the way of them? The four main characters in this book all have good dreams but there are people in the way of getting to those dreams or their dream is too high to accomplish. A Raisin in the Sun a play written by Lorraine Hansberry, andRead MoreSister Carrie and the American Dream1618 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Dream is surely based on the concept of â€Å"Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness† but it is above all, a matter of ambition. James Truslow Adams, an American writer and historian, in 1931 states: life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement†, which not only points towards a better standard of living for Americans but also denounces a degree of greed in the US society. Ambition not only â€Å"killed the catâ₠¬  butRead MoreGrapes Of Wrath And The American Dream1644 Words   |  7 PagesThe idea of the American Dream is ever changing depending on the person and the time of life that person is in. Although the main ideas of the American Dream remain the same to be educated, economically sound, healthy, to have a family, and equal rights. Many great films and works of literature were created to show case all the different ideas people have for their American Dream. The film â€Å"Grapes of Wrath† directed by John Ford and the poem â€Å"I Will Fight No More Forever† by Chief Joseph, both depictRead More Destruction of the American Dream Essay2145 Words   |  9 PagesDestruction of the American Dream I’ve talked about it in the past, the destruction of the American Dream. Always, there have been papers, writings, and thoughts that quantify a particular section of its ultimate demise, be it due to money, education, or sexuality. Maybe the destruction cannot be viewed as a singular event or cause. Perhaps instead it must be examined as a whole process, the decay and ultimate elimination of a dream. Self destruction, if you will†¦ Mr. Self Destruct Read MoreSuccess As One Of The American Dream1137 Words   |  5 PagesApril 2015 Success as One of The American Dream When we hear the word â€Å"success†, we often think of wealth and money. To some people, the embodiment of being success is earning a lot of money. In fact, the concept of success is primarily based on how much money a person earns. However, each person views the definition of success differently. One way to define success is something that has more to do with flash than it does with substance. John Wooden, an American basketball player and coach viewRead MoreJim Cullen And The American Dream2081 Words   |  9 Pages The American Dream, as defined by Cullen, is starting your goal off with a little and ending with more; it s like a business, you invest in it in order to gain more money. Usually, people will define the American Dream as being able to achieve your goal because everyone is offered opportunities. Cullen does acknowledge that people are born with different opportunities, so he talks about the good life. The good life describes different factors that determine your opportunities. Throughout the otherRead MoreFactors Influencing The American Dream1834 Words   |  8 Pagesindividual to succumb or to not succumb to the seductions of crime. These three factors are brilliantly portrayed in the television show, Breaking Bad and the novel, The Stick Up Kids. The American Dream is what many American citizens strive for. However, not all of those citizens are able to achieve the American Dream through a legal pathway. The reason an indivudal may not being able to do so is because of his or her background factors. It is important to note that background factors are a fractionRead MoreShark Tank And The American Dream1755 Words   |  8 PagesShark Tank and The American Dream The TV show Shark tank embodies everything the American dream represents. The show obtains successful Entrepreneurs ready to invest their own money into other Americans wanting to be just like them, reaching the American dream and become a successful entrepreneur. The show presents entrepreneurs working towards the goal of creating a business to not only gain wealth but also change the way we live today. The show is to keep the American dream alive and well while

Definition of Activity-Based Cost Accounting Free Essays

The matching principle of accounting dictates that for every revenue generated, a corresponding cost should be attributed to it.   In order to determine the resulting profit properly, these components should be matched against each other. This has been the guiding convention of financial reporting since the practice of accounting became an integral part of the economy to evaluate properly a firm in a somewhat standardized format. We will write a custom essay sample on Definition of Activity-Based Cost Accounting or any similar topic only for you Order Now Business firms, particularly, those engaged in production, adheres to the standards promulgated by their respective accounting standard-setting bodies.   However, as far as internal users are concerned for purposes of making business strategies, financial accounting is too narrow. As such, the management of a business firm can easily suspend this principle and adopt different methods of deriving cost information, as long as it would fit their specification.   This practice has different effects in the evaluation of the firm’s own performance. Through the years, several efforts were exerted to improve revenue and cost matching that provides relevant information for evaluation purposes, and one of these is Activity Accounting.   Activity Accounting has two phases: activity-based costing (ABC) and activity-based management (ABM). Whereas the first phase provides useful insights and feedback in improving competitiveness through effective resource management, the second one emphasizes continuous improvement of processes.   ABC is defined as a costing system in which numerous overhead cost pools are allocated using one or several non-volume related factors as bases. Even though ABC likewise traces direct materials and direct labor the same way as TCA, it traces indirect costs, not on the number of output, but on the activities involved in the production process.   As such, ABC is considered a more detailed and useful cost-tracing tool. To illustrate, assume a company producing two distinct products, Product A and Product B, has accumulated manufacturing overhead cost amounting to $1,000,000.00.   Assume further that it would take two direct labor hours (DLH) to produce Product A and five DLH for Product B, and total DLH for the whole period is 5,000. At the end of the period, there were 500 units of Product A and 1,000 units of Product B.   Finally, assume that direct cost per unit for Product A is $250.00 while that of Product B is $350.00. How to cite Definition of Activity-Based Cost Accounting, Papers

The Golden Age of Greece free essay sample

As travelers and merchants began to explore the east and the west and populating those areas it caused this time to become known as the Age of Colonization. The third period of Greece is known as the archaic period. Greece is unique in their views of religion because of their development of Greek mythology. They created their own deities and turned to them for answers. Much of the Greek mythology is based upon different versions of folk tails. The Greeks would turn to their gods for answers instead of prayer as their means of discovering solutions. The Greeks also developed some of the most famous epics thanks to Homer, such as the Iliad and the Odyssey. The Iliad takes place during the final years of the Greeks’ siege of Troy. There is a universal message in the Iliad that states that we are responsible for our selves and our actions and how the consequences might affect us, or the ones we love. We will write a custom essay sample on The Golden Age of Greece or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Odyssey however, is a bit of a different story. It is a tale about the Greeks hero Odysseus and his journey home from the war with Troy. The Iliad and the Odyssey helped to from the foundation for education and culture in Greek society. The Greeks also had a great respect for art and incorporated it into their everyday lives. Much of their painting was on pottery, specifically vases. In the beginning when the artistic style was just developing it consisted mainly of concentric circles and semicircles. Art was then developed over the next two centuries into more abstract designs, with the use of zigzags, triangles, and diamonds instead of concentric circles. After Near Eastern and Egyptian models on their sculpture and architecture influenced the Greeks it became easier to trace then pottery. Later in the archaic period sculpture and painting became very popular Greece. The range of sculpture is great however they all share one thing in common, the archaic smile. Also during the archaic period lyric poetry became very popular, one of the most famous users of this method was Sappho. Greece was also famous for its dramas left behind by three famous authors such as, Aeschylus, who used his work to show a deep awareness of human weakness and the dangers of power. Sophocles, who of the three was the most prosperous and successful, wrote 123 plays but only seven survived. Sophocles was less concerned with getting a certain message across and more concerned with exploring and developing the individual characters I his dramas. Euripides is the author of Oedipus; his plays showed characters being stretched to their limits and used their reactions to show a new concern for psychological truth. Although he was not very popular during his time he became the most widely read of the three authors. He wrote nineteen plays in all that have been preserved and become popular as a result. The Greeks seemed to have a hand in everything including philosophy. Some of the most popular names in Philosophy came out of Greece such as, Socrates, Plate, and Aristotle. Socrates was the son of a sculptor and a midwife, as he got into philosophy he became interested in the problems of human behavior and mortality. He also didn’t take money for his teachings as some other did. Instead he went publically to markets testing the traditional ideas by barraging them with questions. Socrates had many diligent followers one being Plato. His followers tried to preserve his memory by writing accounts of his life. Plato was the most successful of them all, he wrote the Dialogues of Plato, which claim to record the teachings of Socrates. In the early dialogues Plato seems to try to preserve his teachers memory however in the later ones it seems he is using Socrates to backup his own teachings and ideas. Most of Plato’s work has to deal with political theory and the construction of an ideal society. Aristotle is the third of the three and Plato’s most gifted student. Aristotle continued to develop his doctrines for twenty years. As far as philosophers go Aristotle was the greatest systematizer. He wrote complex pieces such as Metaphysics, Physics, Rhetoric, and Poetic. Aristotle’s works will always be remembered and were even used as a philosophical basis for Christian theology. Greece is also very famous for it beautiful architecture. The designers were always concerned with proportions and all that parts that create a complete structure One of the greatest artistic achievements following the Persian wars is the Temple of Zeus at Olympus, it is the largest Doric temple on mainland Greece. Another very famous piece of architecture in Greece is the Acropolis. The Acropolis sits a top a hill consisting of the great temple to Athena the Propylaea, the Erechtheum, and the Parthenon. The Parthenon to this day remains as an iconic symbol of the golden age of Greece even though it was built during a time of division and hostility among the Greeks. The Parthenon was the first building to be constructed and very unique in its construction, all of the columns are thickest one-third from the base and they also tilt slightly toward each other (said to come together if extended two miles. The floor of the Parthenon is seemingly flat but actually convex. The decoration of the Parthenon exists in three places and uses three different types of carving techniques. The entrance into the Acropolis is called the Propylaea, it houses both Doric and Ionic columns, the Doric columns are visible from the front and the back where as the Ionic columns line the passageway through the porch. The Erechtheum is another Ionic temple atop the Acropolis. The main proble m when constructing this temple was the uneven ground level of the site. To solve this problem they created several entrances on different levels. It had four chamber all together, one held a wooden statue of Athena. The decoration of the temple is both elaborate and delicate, for example the south porch roof rests not on columns but on caryatids, which are statues of young women. The Acropolis will always be one of the most iconic sites in Greece housing some of the greatest architecture the world will ever know. The Hellenistic period was one of the last periods where virtuosity and drama played a major roll. Works such as the Altar of Zeus at Pergamum were created during the Hellenistic period. Greece is place rich in history and culture, with many different periods and firsts that began in Greece it is difficult to focus on just a few of them. Greece was the birthplace of philosophy, art, architecture, Greek mythology, and some of the greatest tales of heroic acts the world will ever know. The history that was created during the golden age of Greece will forever be remembered throughout the world.

Man is Condemned to Be Free Essays

Man is Condemned to Be Free Essays Man is Condemned to Be Free Paper Man is Condemned to Be Free Paper Explain what Jean-Paul Sartre meant by the statement â€Å"Man is condemned to be free† Jean-Paul Sartre was a Gallic existential philosopher philosopher and was one of the taking figures in twentieth century Gallic doctrine. His major philosophical work. â€Å"Being and Nothingness† and his celebrated talk. â€Å"Existentialism is a Humanism† . is where he emphasised the statement â€Å"Man is condemned to be free† . The statement appears to be a apposition of linguistic communication because ‘freedom’ frequently has positive intensions while ‘condemned’ provides the opposite feeling. Sartre used the term ‘condemned’ as he believed we have no pick in the affair of being free. and being free ( even if against our will ) means we are responsible for all our actions. Bing responsible for our actions – without holding a pick about being free to take – is a signifier of disapprobation. Us holding to accept full duty for our actions includes us non being able to fault those around us – such as h ousehold. instructors and the authorities – for our state of affairs. In drumhead. adult male is condemned because â€Å"he did non make himself. yet is however at autonomy. and from the minute that he is thrown into this universe he is responsible for everything he does† ( Kaufmann ) . In the face of this duty. many worlds turn to religion. This allows us to experience answerable to a higher being. However. Sartre was non a truster in God ; this could be because of the atrociousnesss he witnessed first-hand during the Second World War while functioning in the Gallic ground forces. His experiences taught him that â€Å"God is soundless in the face of absurdness and horror. Because of this we are condemned to confront life entirely and with this comes absolute freedom and the cooling duty that comes with it. † If God genuinely doesn’t exist so our actions aren’t truly limited by His prognostications. commandments and ethical motives ; God can non legalize our behavior. or warrant it. or do it. We are finally responsible for o ur actions with no 1 to reply because we have chosen them on our ain. out of our freedom. Traditionally. freedom is seen as ‘good’ . Sartre on the other manus describes freedom to be a sort of load because as God does non be we are â€Å"without excuse† and we â€Å"can’t happen anything to depend on† . Sartre illustrates his belief utilizing the illustration of the paper cutter. When sing a paper cutter. we would presume that the Godhead had a program ( an kernel ) for it. Due to there being no Godhead of worlds. we have no kernel. This means that our actions and behaviors can non be explained by citing human nature. alternatively we are needfully to the full responsible for our actions. The kernel or nature of a paper cutter is to cut paper ; this is the intent the shaper of it had in head. However. there was no shaper or Godhead of human existences so we can’t mention to what we are meant to make. There is merely what we choose to make. â€Å"We are left entirely. without alibi. † To make up ones mind whether we are or are non â€Å"condemned to be free† it makes sense to make up ones mind whether our actions are genuinely free or if they may in fact be determined. Psychologists such as Sigmund Freud believe our early old ages have an impact on our future actions. Freud claimed that our moral actions are frequently caused by pent-up or subconscious memories or feelings stemming from childhood. Besides. B. F. Skinner said that we can non be held morally responsible for behavior determined by our psychological make-up because we could non hold chosen to act otherwise. Other minds. including Thomas Sowell. argue that our actions are in line with our societal conditioning. We so follow a sociologically determined way set by our upbringing. instruction and societal groups etc. Libertarianism has the major defect of non taking into history our experiences when doing determinations and when organizing our morality. For case. it is arguable that Sartre believed what he did because of the experiences he had during the war. non because of his freedom. Another valid statement is that genetic sciences determine physical and behavioral facets of humanity. All of these point of views province that worlds are non free to take and our lives and personalities are already determined ( by our past experiences. psychological make-up. socialization and genetic sciences ) . There is truth in these theories and so they take recognition off from Sartre’s belief that â€Å"man is condemned to be free† because they show that there are facets of our lives where we aren’t free to take. This means. in add-on. that our duty is lessened slightly as some of our actions are already determined for us. On the other manus. Sartre’s thoughts are potentially believable. We have all had experiences where the demand to take between multiple actions has caused us emotional convulsion. It is improbabl e that in these state of affairss we can avoid holding to come to a determination. Although we are free to do this pick. we are in a manner forced to do it. So. Sartre’s claim of worlds being condemned or damned to be free does non look so farcical. Even when we ask person for aid with an ethical quandary it is non their reply that determines our solution and attendant action. It is our pick to inquire them in the first topographic point and normally we already know what they are traveling to state ; we so make up ones mind whether to follow their advice. This once more shows the extent of our freedom of pick and the deficiency of finding factors to stamp down this ‘condemning’ freedom. In decision. Sartre examined the dashing nature of determination devising and limitless freedom. The moral duty we have in the instance of absolute freedom is stultifying and causes great desperation. However. this attack could be wrong because there are facets of our lives and make-up that act upon our behavior. If an action is determined by factors outside our control. we may non hold the moral duty for it. From this point of view we are non condemned to freedom but it alternatively allows us some input into our behavior and hence our lives.